Every time I need to look up how to do something, or stumble across a new (to me) technique, I try to remember to record it here.
This list started as a ravelry project page, and I've now copied the links here and imposed a bit more structure. Going forward I will add new discoveries to this version.
Beginning and ending
Casting on
Åsa Tricosa's winding (provisional) cast on.
Åsa Tricosa's crochet cast on (for necklines, underarms, etc).
Loop cast on for the middle or end of a row (e.g. underarm or front neck).
Italian cast on aka tubular cast on or kitchener cast on - great for ribbing (non-provisional cast on version).
Super stretchy double needle cast on.
German twisted cast on: a video, or photos & PDF.
Binding off
Lucy Neatby's Modified Conventional Bind Off.
Åsa Tricosa's stretchy cast off.
Icelandic bind off (stretchy, good for garter st).
TECHknitting Cast off stitches in the middle of a row.
Useful stitches
Knitting styles
Short rows
German short-rows videos Part I - Purl to knit and Part II - Knit to purl.
Åsa Tricosa's German Short Rows photo tutorial.
Other
yarnover's subtle increase (youtube) and subtle decrease (ravelry).
Fleegle's Garter stitch in the round without purling.
Colour knitting
Stripes
TECHknitting Jogless one-row stripes.
Stranded
Two-handed colourwork: Philosophers wool and Cotton & Cloud: Episode 6.1, Episode 6.2, and Episode 6.3.
TECHknitting Another way to handle long floats.
Ysolda's Colour Dominance in colourwork.
Helene Magnusson's Jogless joins in colourwork.
Intarsia in the round
Completely seamless technique (see paragraph starting 'The other method...')
Anne Berk's 'Annetarsia' (videos 1 to 6).
Garments and accessories
Sweaters and cardis
Top down set in sleeves - includes useful hints on short rows and how to tighten up the picked up stitches.
Cocoknits Bias bind-off for shaping shoulders.
TECHknitting Tulips buttonhole - a neat symmetrical buttonhole.
A great way to add a zip to a cardi (ravelry).
Socks
Socks Without Ears (includes no-graft toes).
The Finchley Graft - a more intuitive way to graft (from the back).
Great general resources
Knitting Fool Knitting Abbreviations.
This also includes links to other people's lists on ravelry.